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Similar to our approach to designing services for automated testing described in the “Continuous Architecture and Continuous Testing” section, services must be designed for continuous monitoring by including instrumentation as one of the core capabilities provided by a service rather than retrofitting instrumentation after the service has been developed. Instrumentation can have a negative impact on performance, and that impact can be felt when mobile User Interfaces are instrumented, so it is important to be able to turn monitoring on and off. The key to continuous monitoring is to put effective instrumentation in the User Interface layer as well as in each of the services that the application uses. Continuous monitoring provides the team with early feedback that can be used for improving the usability of the application, as well as analyzing issues encountered while testing the application. Funding for this project was provided by a grant from Smithfield Swine Production Group.Murat Erder, Pierre Pureur, in Continuous Architecture, 2016 What Is Continuous Monitoring?Ĭontinuous monitoring enables developers and testers to understand the performance and availability of their application during both the pre-production and the production phases. Implications of these results for broader environmental assessment are discussed. OpenLCA 1.6 was used for inventory construction and scenario analysis while TRACI 2.0 was used to characterize environmental impacts. All scenarios were modeled over a one year time period using a “cradle to gate” approach with 1 kg of raw waste as the functional unit. Multiple scenarios were created to simulate combinations of alternatives for waste removal, waste treatment, storage, nitrogen recovery, and land application. Data was collected from swine finishing farms in southeastern NC, laboratory analyses, and bench scale experiments determine biogas generation from anaerobic digestion and nitrogen recovery from an ammonia air stripping column. The primary purpose of this study was to model and evaluate the environmental tradeoffs between current swine waste management practices in North Carolina and alternative scenarios that include new technologies for waste removal, treatment, and nitrogen recovery. In the face of increasingly stringent environmental regulations, decreasing land availability, and higher costs for artificial fertilizer, it is necessary to consider alternative technologies with the potential for improving environmental conditions and creating value added products. Pork is one of the largest and most important agricultural industries in North Carolina and the United States but faces a number of challenges in regards to waste management and environmental impact. Keywords: anaerobic digestion, biogas, life cycle assessment, nitrogen recovery, scraper, swine waste.Ībstract. Joseph, Michigan Citation: 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting 1700187.(doi:10.13031/aim.201700187)Īuthors: Shannon C Banner, John Classen, Prince Dugba, Mark Rice, Kelly Zering Published by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, St. Environmental Tradeoffs of Alternative Scenarios for Swine Waste Management Technologies: A Life Cycle Perspective If you are not an ASABE member or if your employer has not arranged for access to the full-text, Click here for options.
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